Did you know the modern rare earth permanent magnet was invented at the University of Dayton Research Institute? It all started between 1946 - 1952 when the study of rare earth metals was accelerated by advances in chemical separation techniques (i.e., the Manhattan Project.) Later, in the 1960s, civilian researcher Dr. Karl Strnat and UDRI employee Dr. Alen Ray (serving as a metallurgical consultant) began a study to try and better understand the origin story of magnetic properties. 

The Story

During their studies, Strnat took notice of something odd: the high crystal anisotropy of rare-earth cobalt compounds. What is an anisotropic substance? Essentially, this material shows different properties, depending on which way it's facing across the specimen being measured. Seeing this, Strnat hypothesized that it could indicate the presence of magnetic properties. It has also been reported that GdCo5 (gadolinium-cobalt) exhibited high coercivity (another measure of magnetic force).   Ultimately, Strnat realized that the family of rare earth elements showed promise as a way to potentially develop new magnetic compounds. From that point, he began testing different compounds, and found favorable properties in yttrium-cobalt and the even stronger samarium-cobalt. His discovery of this new class of magnets — rare earth permanent magnets — kicked off a research renaissance that studied more and more magnet materials. In the 70s, Strnat and Ray eventually went on to develop the second generation of rare earth permanent magnets, which yielded even more energy.

Apex Magnets

We love learning about the history of magnets! For more information on the historical journey of magnetism, read “The Great Magnetic Timeline.” If you enjoy our blogs, consider signing up for our newsletter. You can expect to receive news stories, DIY arts and crafts, and more. If you ever have questions about our products or service, call or email us to learn more.