Here at Apex, we believe it’s important to understand the science behind our magnets and share them with you through “magnet 101s" so you can make an informed decision for your next project. Our next “magnet 101” is diving into one necessary element of neodymium magnets— magnetization direction. Essentially, neodymium magnets are formed with a specific magnetization direction depending on their shape to ensure they’re as strong as possible. Let’s dive deeper into what magnetization direction is and why it’s important!

What is Magnetization Direction?

Magnets aren't actually magnetized until after they are made, and there are a few ways to do this. One of them is called radial magnetization which can be created in specially manufactured ring magnets. We do not currently offer any as in-stock items, but we can procure them as a custom order! As for the other two ways, they’re either pressed in the presence of a magnetic field or undergo a die upsetting press that orients the magnetic domains in one direction. Since a magnet’s direction cannot be altered once it’s formed, it’s crucial to know the direction when ordering one for yourself. 

The Two Main Types of Magnetization Directions

You already know that neodymium magnets come in a variety of shapes and sizes — just check out our store —different shapes have corresponding magnetization directions. Magnets can be axially, diametrically, or radially magnetized. Axially and diametrically are the two main types, though radial magnetization is created in specifically manufactured ring magnets. When a magnet is axially magnetized it’s because the magnetization direction is situated along the axis of the magnet. Disc, cylinder and ring magnets are most commonly magnetized along their geometric axis and thus fall into the Axial category. However when the magnetization is oriented across its diameter, then it’s diametrically magnetized. This means that the north and south poles are located on the curved surface, on opposite sides. In short, when something is axially magnetized it means the material is magnetized through the length of the magnet, whereas when it’s diametrical it’s magnetized through the width. If you’re more of a visual learner, one of our old Youtube videos explains things — which you can watch here.

Why Is Magnetization Direction Important?

A magnet will attract most effectively when one of its poles is touching the magnetic surface you want it to be sticking to. Thus, an axially magnetized magnet will work best when one of the flat faces is touching the surface. Just because this type of magnet works best when its flat face is touching the surface, doesn’t mean it won't be magnetized when used on its side! It just won’t be as strong when used that way.   You can easily learn which way your own magnets are directionally magnetized with this simple test! Place two of them near one another and they will begin to attach pole-to-pole. If the flat, circular ends touch, they’re most likely axially magnetized. However, if they attract on their sides then they’re diametrically magnetized.  Becoming familiar with the direction of your neodymium magnet will help you decide which one is best for your next project and which way to orient it so that it works most effectively!

Let Apex Magnets Help You on Your Next Project

We’re always working on ways our customers can use our magnets and other products, from hobbyists and crafters to manufacturers and business owners. If you want to learn more about magnets, check out our other two “Magnet 101s," The Ultimate Magnet Guide and Magnet Safety 101.  Sign up for our newsletter to get these stories and more sent straight to your inbox each month.